Re: Privilege Levels Below User

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Sujet : Re: Privilege Levels Below User
De : cr88192 (at) *nospam* gmail.com (BGB)
Groupes : comp.arch
Date : 09. Jun 2024, 18:36:09
Autres entêtes
Organisation : A noiseless patient Spider
Message-ID : <v44p8k$3lugs$1@dont-email.me>
References : 1 2 3 4 5
User-Agent : Mozilla Thunderbird
On 6/8/2024 7:29 PM, MitchAlsup1 wrote:
BGB wrote:
 
On 6/8/2024 11:01 AM, EricP wrote:
Scott Lurndal wrote:
John Savard <quadibloc@servername.invalid> writes:
 
Though, the time returned by the CPUID microsecond timer is not currently the same as the one given by "TK_GetTimeUS()", where the latter effectively gives a 64-bit value (conceptually) representing the
>
number of microseconds since 1/1/1970; though with the kernel currently
>
assuming that its build-time is the starting time for the clock (and none of the FPGA boards support a hardware clock, and one would need internet access to use NTP, ...).
 
A 64-bit value in microseconds can express around +/- 300k years, which
>
should be plenty.
 What do you do when you need a 200 picosecond timer ?? (5GHz cycle
counter)
 
For most use cases where you need the date and time, one does not need picoseconds.
Something like a 1us resolution is sufficient for both "what is the current calandar date" and "how much time has elapsed" for most applications.
But, yeah, a 128-bit time value could express both picoseconds and the current age of the universe.
But, we don't need 128 bits for things like time and date stamps in a filesystem.
OTOH: A 32-bit value in seconds will overflow in 2038, so isn't really sufficient at this point.
Similarly, a microsecond counter is often useful, but a 32-bit signed-int counter will overflow in around 34 minutes or so, and this is a short enough timescale as to overflow many times over in the runtime of typical applications (full wraparound roughly once every 68 minutes).
Whereas, 64-bit microseconds-since-epoch addresses both use-cases at the same time.
And, for a 64-bit microsecond timer, if anyone is still around in 300k years, they can come up with a solution. Going by historical precedent, the calendar will have been replaced several times over by then.
Like, chances are people aren't going to still be using the Gregorian calendar in Jan 1, 300970 ...

A 64-bit value expressed in seconds could express values relative to
the
current age of the universe, but this is likely unnecessary for most purposes, and ability to express fractions of a second is likely more useful than the ability to express the age of the universe.
 Interesting factoid::
The universe is currently 10^80 Plank times old since Big Bang,
and universe will die around 10^80 years,
and there are about 10^80-10^88 particles in the universe.
 
Granted, one could use a 128-bit value, and have both (and in picoseconds if they wanted). But, this would be overkill.
 
Or, go extra overkill, and use 256 bits, to express the current age of the universe in Planck units...
 160-bits will be shown to be sufficient to count Plank times.
Yeah, but 160 is not a power of 2, so one can pad up to 256 bits.
It doesn't fit into a 128-bit value though, in any case.
Where, one could represent the whole age of the universe, but probably only in picoseconds or femtoseconds.
Would be needless overkill for a filesystem or database though...

Date Sujet#  Auteur
7 Jun 24 * Privilege Levels Below User119John Savard
7 Jun 24 +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1MitchAlsup1
7 Jun 24 +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User9MitchAlsup1
9 Jun 24 i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User8John Savard
10 Jun 24 i `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User7Lawrence D'Oliveiro
10 Jun 24 i  `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User6John Savard
10 Jun 24 i   +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4MitchAlsup1
11 Jun 24 i   i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2John Savard
11 Jun 24 i   ii`- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 i   i`- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 i   `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
8 Jun 24 +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4Lawrence D'Oliveiro
8 Jun 24 i+- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1John Dallman
8 Jun 24 i`* Re: Not history, Privilege Levels Below User2John Levine
9 Jun 24 i `- Re: Not history, Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
8 Jun 24 +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User66MitchAlsup1
9 Jun 24 i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User14Lawrence D'Oliveiro
9 Jun 24 ii+- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1David Schultz
10 Jun 24 ii+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User11Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 iii+- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 iii`* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User9John Levine
12 Jun 24 iii `* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User8Lawrence D'Oliveiro
12 Jun 24 iii  `* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User7John Levine
12 Jun 24 iii   +- Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
12 Jun 24 iii   `* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User5Lynn Wheeler
13 Jun 24 iii    `* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User4Lawrence D'Oliveiro
13 Jun 24 iii     `* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User3Lynn Wheeler
13 Jun 24 iii      `* Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User2Lawrence D'Oliveiro
13 Jun 24 iii       `- Re: time-sharing history, Privilege Levels Below User1Lynn Wheeler
24 Oct 24 ii`- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1MitchAlsup1
9 Jun 24 i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Anton Ertl
10 Jun 24 ii`- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
10 Jun 24 i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User8Anton Ertl
11 Jun 24 ii+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4Lawrence D'Oliveiro
12 Jun 24 iii+- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
12 Jun 24 iii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Thomas Koenig
12 Jun 24 iii `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 ii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3Lawrence D'Oliveiro
12 Jun 24 ii +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1George Neuner
12 Jun 24 ii `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1John Dallman
10 Jun 24 i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User15Terje Mathisen
10 Jun 24 ii+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4Michael S
11 Jun 24 iii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 iii `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2MitchAlsup1
12 Jun 24 iii  `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
11 Jun 24 ii+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User5Lawrence D'Oliveiro
12 Jun 24 iii+- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
13 Jun 24 iii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3MitchAlsup1
13 Jun 24 iii `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Lawrence D'Oliveiro
13 Jun 24 iii  `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Michael S
11 Jun 24 ii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User5Terje Mathisen
11 Jun 24 ii `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4Michael S
12 Jun 24 ii  +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Stefan Monnier
13 Jun 24 ii  `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Lawrence D'Oliveiro
14 Jun 24 ii   `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
14 Jun 24 i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User26Paul A. Clayton
14 Jun 24 i `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User25MitchAlsup1
14 Jun 24 i  +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4Lawrence D'Oliveiro
14 Jun 24 i  i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3John Savard
14 Jun 24 i  i `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Lawrence D'Oliveiro
15 Jun 24 i  i  `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1John Dallman
14 Jun 24 i  `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User20John Savard
15 Jun 24 i   `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User19Thomas Koenig
15 Jun 24 i    `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User18Lawrence D'Oliveiro
15 Jun 24 i     +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3Anton Ertl
15 Jun 24 i     i+- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Thomas Koenig
16 Jun 24 i     i`- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
15 Jun 24 i     `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User14John Dallman
16 Jun 24 i      +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User12Lawrence D'Oliveiro
16 Jun 24 i      i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User11Michael S
16 Jun 24 i      i `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User10Lawrence D'Oliveiro
16 Jun 24 i      i  `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User9Michael S
16 Jun 24 i      i   +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3Thomas Koenig
16 Jun 24 i      i   i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Michael S
16 Jun 24 i      i   i `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Terje Mathisen
16 Jun 24 i      i   `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User5Lawrence D'Oliveiro
16 Jun 24 i      i    `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User4Michael S
16 Jun 24 i      i     +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
16 Jun 24 i      i     `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Torbjorn Lindgren
17 Jun 24 i      i      `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
16 Jun 24 i      `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Robert Swindells
8 Jun 24 +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User7BGB
9 Jun 24 i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3MitchAlsup1
9 Jun 24 ii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2BGB
10 Jun 24 ii `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
10 Jun 24 i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3Terje Mathisen
10 Jun 24 i `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2Anton Ertl
10 Jun 24 i  `- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1BGB
8 Jun 24 +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Chris M. Thomasson
9 Jun 24 +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2John Savard
11 Jun 24 i`- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1Lawrence D'Oliveiro
9 Jun 24 `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User28John Savard
9 Jun 24  +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User25Anton Ertl
9 Jun 24  i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User24John Savard
9 Jun 24  i +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1MitchAlsup1
10 Jun 24  i `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User22Anton Ertl
10 Jun 24  i  +- Re: Privilege Levels Below User1MitchAlsup1
11 Jun 24  i  `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User20John Savard
11 Jun 24  i   +* Re: Privilege Levels Below User14MitchAlsup1
11 Jun 24  i   i+* Re: Privilege Levels Below User3MitchAlsup1
11 Jun 24  i   ii`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2John Savard
11 Jun 24  i   i`* Re: Privilege Levels Below User10John Savard
11 Jun 24  i   `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User5Niklas Holsti
9 Jun 24  `* Re: Privilege Levels Below User2MitchAlsup1

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