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On 11/9/2024 2:53 PM, Alan Mackenzie wrote:olcott <polcott333@gmail.com> wrote:On 11/9/2024 1:32 PM, Alan Mackenzie wrote:olcott <polcott333@gmail.com> wrote:
The way that sound deductive inference is defined
to work is that they must be identical.
Whatever "sound deductive inference" means. If you are right, then
"sound deductive inference" is incoherent garbage.
*Validity and Soundness*
A deductive argument is said to be valid if and only
if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the
premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless
to be false. Otherwise, a deductive argument is said
to be invalid.
A deductive argument is sound if and only if it is
both valid, and all of its premises are actually
true. Otherwise, a deductive argument is unsound.
https://iep.utm.edu/val-snd/
Thus your ignorance and not mine.
A conclusion IS ONLY true when applying truth
preserving operations to true premises.
I'm not sure what that adds to the argument.
It is already specified that a conclusion can only be
true when truth preserving operations are applied to
expressions of language known to be true.
That Gödel's proof didn't understand that this <is>
the actual foundation of mathematical logic is his
mistake.
Unprovable in PA has always meant untrue in PA when
viewed within the deductive inference foundation of
mathematical logic.
--
Copyright 2024 Olcott "Talent hits a target no one else can hit; Genius
hits a target no one else can see." Arthur Schopenhauer
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