Nasal evolution in humans and neanderthals: neanderthal nasal morphology was cold weather adaptation

Main link for the paper is here
https://www.scielo.pt/pdf/rpoccp/v62n3/2184-6499-rpoccp-62-03-229.pdf
Using Research Gate to get around the Portuguese
parts
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/386053959_Nosing_beyond_the_stone_age_deciphering_nasal_evolution_from_Neanderthals_to_modern_Man
Abstract
Introduction: Neanderthals, our extinct
relatives, exhibited distinct nasal
morphology compared to Homo sapiens.
Objectives: This study explores these
differences through a comparative
analysis of cranionasal measurements.
Material and Methods: Data on Neanderthal
nasal features were obtained from
existing paleoanthropological literature,
focusing on 16 hominid fossils. A parallel
sample of 38 modern human CT scans was
retrospectively reviewed, with
measurements focusing on nasal region.
Results: Neanderthals displayed
significantly larger nasal cavities with
increased basion-nasion and basion-prosthion
distances, wider intercanine dimensions, and
larger nasal breadth and height compared to
modern humans. Choanal width and nasal index
did not differ significantly. Conclusions:
These findings suggest functional
adaptations in Neanderthal nasal morphology,
potentially aiding in thermoregulation
within cold environments. Further research
is needed to fully understand the
evolutionary significance of these
adaptations.