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Bob Casanova wrote:OK. Now imagine we add a process - one that get rids of harmful mutations every generation, preventing them from adding up, and amplifies the beneficial mutations, increasing their odds of reaching fixation far beyond their base frequency and therefore allowing them to add up (because once a mutation has reached fixation every subsequent mutation gets added to it regardless, there is no "what are the odds of these two mutations occurring together" issue)On Fri, 12 Apr 2024 11:04:15 -0700, the following appeared>
in talk.origins, posted by Vincent Maycock
<maycock@gmail.com>:
>On Fri, 12 Apr 2024 12:41:29 -0400, Ron DeanAs I understand it, most mutations are neutral; the
<rondean-noreply@gmail.com> wrote:
>
<snip>In the most cases where adaptations and minor evolutionary changes are>
observed it's not because new information is added to DNA, but rather
there is a loss of information.
>
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-57694-8
>
Bad mutations seems to be the rule.
*Most* mutations are harmful, but to disprove evolution you need to
show that *all* mutations are harmful -- those rare beneficial
mutations can be selected by and amplified through natural selection,
resulting in better-functioning organisms.
>
beneficial and harmful ones are (approximately) equal in
number, and are far outnumbered by the neutral ones. But
don't expect your correspondent to accept any of that.
I disagree. Beneficial mutations are rare, far more so than harmful ones. The evidence is that mental and physical diseases and defects resulting from defective genetics are far more often _observed_ than mental or physical betterment, enrichment or improvement we see resulting from beneficial mutations. You almost never observe any that can be attributed to beneficial mutations.
I would not be surprised if neutral mutations outstripped both the beneficial or the harmful ones. I would think though that any change in the coded information no matter how small would be a informational change that could over time gradually_add_up_ one way or the other, more likely than not, towards the degeneration.
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