Re: The Universe Is Not A Sphere

Mr. Hertz: "While many astronomers believed the material universe to be
roughly identical to the Milky Way, Arrhenius based his cosmology on
what would later be called the perfect cosmological principle, the
postulate that the largescale appearance of the universe is the same at
any location and at any time. Arrhenius, who took Euclidean space to be
self-evident, concluded that the law of entropy growth did not apply on
a cosmic scale. By invoking radiation pressure and various energy
transfer processes between stars and nebulae he suggested that the
universe would never run down in the thermodynamic sense [Kragh 2013].
However, according to Poincaré’s detailed analysis in Hypothèses
cosmogoniques [Poincaré 1911, 239–256], [Rhee 2018, 391–405], what he
called “Arrhenius’ demon” might only retard the universal heat death,
perhaps for an exceedingly long time, but it could never escape it.7
Schwarzschild [1913] agreed with Poincaré that Arrhenius’ demon would
not work as promised and after the criticism of the two distinguished
scientists, Arrhenius’ cosmological hypothesis was essentially abandoned
by astronomers and physicists."
-"Poincaré and Cosmic Space: Curved or not?"
This is an example of giving too much ground to one's opponent and of
the consensus making a stupid mistake. Arrhenius did not need a
mechanism to prevent entropy because entropy does not apply to an open
system such as an infinite universe. That is why they wanted to presume
a finite universe.