Re: Want to prove E=mc²? University labs should try this!

On Sun, 17 Nov 2024 23:34:24 +0000, rhertz wrote:

Obviously, there is a problem understanding the proposed experiment.
>
*******************************************************************
1) ABOUT THE DIFFERENTIAL ELECTROMAGNETIC BALANCE (there are other
means):
>
I propose to use TWO DEB, similar to the one of which I posted a link:
>
Homemade Microgram Electrobalance
>
https://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/equipment/scale.html
>
The output of the two sensors are connected to electronics, which can
REST, filter and process the electrical output of the EB. The result,
once calibrated to be ZERO while the laser is off, will be a LINEAR
relation between weight difference and voltage, in the order of
nanograms.
>
The DEB will be working in a vacuum, with a Faraday-like dome, and
floating on a mercury bed (to filter vibrations, noise and EM
interferences. It also will be compensated in temperature by means to
cool it off and measure the heat excess that's eliminated.
>
*******************************************************************
>
2) ABOUT THE CAVITY:
>
It has not to be a perfect sphere. On the contrary.
Imagine that you take 2 mg of aluminum foil and build a case with it,
having dimensions of about 1,000 cm³. The inner coating, made of highly
reflective material, has artificial irregularities much narrower than
the laser wavelength (green, 550 nm), such that the laser beam (1 mm
radius) spread all over the interior of the cavity, with a very small
percentage escaping through the 2 mm orifice.
>
If necessary, make the external laser device to spatially oscillate
slowly a little amount (by mechanical means) to assure that the beam is
hitting different spots within the cavity. That will spread the
radiation all over inside its volume.
>
Two identical cavities are built, being each one placed on the DEB.
Their weight (a few grams) will be subtracted from their electrical
outputs, so that (in perfect balance and equilibrium), the output will
read 0.000 nanograms.
>
*******************************************************************
>
3) ABOUT THE DIFFERENT LOSSES:
>
Every deviation from a perfect setup, due to different losses and
perturbations, will be measured and considered in the final result.
>
The differential output signal [linear function of the weight
difference] will be processed to filter NOISE, including the electrical
noise (in the order of nanovolts) generated by the EM mechanisms.
>
******************************************************************
>
4) ABOUT THE ACCUMULATION OF ENERGY INSIDE THE CAVITY 1:
>
If the reflected laser beams are almost 100% reflected and only a very
small fraction of energy dissipates as heat (0.001%), the energy will
accumulate linearly with time:
>
5 W x 1 Hr = 18,000 Joules per hour
>
By m=E/c², it represents 2.0E-10 gram of mass per hour.
>
In 72 hours, the accumulated energy within the cavity represents
1.44E-08 gram of mass.
>
This value of mass represents 0.1398 microNewtons in 72 hours.
>
Such values are perfectly in the range of measurement for current
technologies (state of the art).
>
Check my second link of a lab balance ($10,000), capable of measuring
weight (mass equivalence) in the order of 0.1 microNewtons.
>
Imagine what can be built investing $ 100,000 or $ 1,000,000 in a
qualified lab.
>
*****************************************************************
>
This experiment allows to probe/disprove E = mc² in the real world, not
in the fairy land of the quantum/atomic world.

Your experiment is absurdly impractical. A case 1,000 cm³ in volume
would (if cubical) be 10 cm on a side. Light would be expected to
bounce off the interior surfaces about 3e9 times a second. Even if the
reflectivity were 99.999% (*IMPOSSIBLE* to achieve with diffuse
reflectors) then 3 percent of the light's energy will be lost each
second to absorption, heating up the chamber walls. It would take only
a few minutes for effectively all of the energy of a pulse of light to
be dissipated as heat. But you are not using a _pulse_ of light. You
propose using a 5 W continuous beam, meaning that over the long run,
the chamber will be heated up by 5 watts of power, or 18 KJ per hour.
In other words, your 2 mg chamber is going to get pretty warm very
fast.
Warm objects radiate heat energy. Radiated heat carries momentum.
The momentum of the radiated heat will distort your weight
measurements.