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Lorentz transformations are established on the invariance of the speed
of
light, indeed.
More precisely on the invariance of its transverse velocity for any
observer placed in a given frame of reference.
I recall them here as given by Poincaré (in positive form):
x'=(x+v.t)/sqrt(1-v²/c²)
y'=y
z'=y
t'=(t+xv/c²)/sqrt(1-v²/c²)
I just realized the weirdest thing that Einstein wrote at the beginningSure, it's weird, but that's how Einstein apparently meant that equation.
of Point 3, IF I ACCEPT that x'=x-vt is located IN THE FIXED FRAME K.
Observing the diagram, which looks like if it's a Galilean transform, INo, it must be behind the emitter, because otherwise the emitter at the center of k would soon 'run through the mirror' at x'.
realized that (YES OR YES) x' must be ahead of x. Otherwise the
experiment
is invalid.
But the problem I saw is that x' IS MOVING AHEAD OF x. The equationIn my version there is no x'' but a single primed x'.
x'=x-vt
says so.
So, the problem with x' infinitesimally small, as Einstein proposed,
imply
that it happens at time t=dx'/v + x/v or, directly t=x/v.
But even dx' keep moving ahead of x, in order to verify x'=x-vt.
More yet, x' infinitesimally small means that x' has moved close to the
origin
of coordinates in the moving frame k.
And this last only x/v seconds.
QUOTE:
"If we place x' = x − vt, it is CLEAR that a point at rest in the system
k must
have a system of values x", y, z, INDEPENDENT OF TIME".
END QUOTE
This CONFUSING comment from Einstein, introducing x", is completely out
of place. He NEVER EVER used x" again.
We first define τ as a function of x', y, z, and t. To do this we haveThe equation is actually wrong for a moving system, because if either K or k would move, the way back isn't of the same length as the way towards the remote point.
to express in equations that τ is nothing else than the summary of the
data of clocks at rest in system k, which have been synchronized
according to the rule given in § 1.
QUOTE:
From the origin of system k let a ray be emitted at the time τ₀ along
the X-axis to x', and at the time τ₁ be reflected thence to the origin
of the coordinates, arriving there at the time τ₂; we then must have
1/2 (τ₀ + τ₂) = τ₁
END QUOTE
This is confusing as hell, even for the master of deception.
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