Re: Want to prove E=mc²? University labs should try this!

On Tue, 19 Nov 2024 0:13:44 +0000, rhertz wrote:

On Mon, 18 Nov 2024 23:20:57 +0000, ProkaryoticCaspaseHomolog wrote:
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On Mon, 18 Nov 2024 14:41:26 +0000, gharnagel wrote:
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But you ignore physics.  LIGO does NOT build up 750,000 Watts!
It's an interferometer.  The light doesn't go back and forth
between mirrors 18000 times.  It is split between two arms,
goes 4 km down each arm, is reflected by mirrors at the end,
comes back and the two beqams go to a detector.  End of story.
You are conflating LIGO with something completely different.

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Richard's numbers are off, but look up Fabry-Perot cavity.

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I didn't invent any of these numbers. This information, which I
retrieved from several official sites, like Caltech, showed the
evolution of the technology developed since 1998. The project started
with 10W IR laser, ending with 47W lasers.
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The beam power amplification in the Fabry-Perot cavity started with a
factor of 300, 20 years ago. This allowed them to publish that the
"virtual length" of the largest arm was about 1,000 Km.
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As time advanced, the technology developed for the Fabry-Perot cavities
(2 per arm) also advanced, reaching today an amplification factor of
about
18,000 (what is equivalent to the mentioned 750,000 Watts).

When I look at the screenshot on the following page, taken during an
actual run, https://tinyurl.com/2v3kssvv I see a circulating power of
358.8 KW versus an input power of 63.5 W. This implies an
amplification factor of 5650. This is not a freely adjustable number,
but one dictated by the physics of the Fabry-Perot mirrors. Look down
at the diagram captioned "Basic Michelson interferometer with Fabry
Perot cavities." The far mirrors will be 99.999% reflective, but the
mirrors near the beam splitter must necessarily be partially
transmissive, otherwise power cannot enter the Fabry Perot cavity.
It's an interesting optimization problem. The more transmissive the
near mirrors, the more light enters the FP cavity, but the fewer the
reflections. The more reflective the mirrors, the more the power
amplification factor, but less light enters the cavities, and the
system's sensitivity to high frequency gravitational waves is also
limited. Once they settled on an optimum transmissivity for the near
mirrors, they could not arbitrarily adjust this parameter.

Again, don't blame me for the published data. I just quoted it, and also
provided two links with valuable information. The oldest one points to
an old document signed by more than 30 scientists (50 pages), which
reveal the state of LIGO circa year 2000.
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And about the multilayered coating used in the mirrors, which also
evolve with the pace of time, can be perfectly applied to the interior
of the cavity that I proposed, without restrictions except money.

Nope. Physics limits their application.
You can achieve 99.999% reflectivity only at one specific angle
(which is dependent on the mirror design). If the mirror reflects
99.999% of light normal to the surface, it won't reflect 99.999% of
the light at other angles.

I proposed a 550 nm green laser, without knowing the use of IR in LIGO.
But, such wavelength makes possible multiple layers of coating
(verifying thickness of integer wavelengths) and, also, a very low
weight. I thought of 2 grams per cavity just because, but there are no
differences in the outcome if each cavity weight 10 grams (this is a
lot).
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The differential electromagnetic balance still will resolve nanograms.
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And regarding the absorbed heat of the entire cavity PER HOUR, I checked
my numbers many times a while ago, and the numbers are ridiculously low.

At steady state, the absorbed power equals the input power. So the
cavity will emit IR in all directions, distorting your weight
measurements since the emitted IR carries momentum.

Consider that there is a direct relationship between Joules and
calories, and that 1 CALORIE is defined as the heat that rises 1"C one
gram of water. You can relate, then, the temperature increase per hour
due to the absorption of energy of the 550 nm laser by the entire
cavity. If you don't like that way of calculation, you can use the
number of hits/second on every spot (area = that of the laser beam), and
use this number multiplied by the number of spots in the inner part of
the cavity. I clearly stated that the inner cavity has to have an
irregular surface (in the order of nm) to guarantee that the beam is
dispersed into the cavity, instead of hitting the same spot
continuously.
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In the long term, the cavity will be filled with uniform green
radiation, which is like what happened with Planck's black body cavity,
that allowed him to develop his famous formula.
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There is much more to say, but this is not the place, so I stop here.
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Ideas are ideas, in particular if some realistic criteria are presented.
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Not the case of Einstein, his magic train, ghosts observers, perfect
mirrors and beams of light in a fantastic world without gravity, matter
and absence of forces that prevent inertial motion.